Lidar360 Crack [2021] -

A. Smith¹, B. Lee², C. Martínez³, D. Khan⁴

| Limitation | Conventional Method | 360° LIDAR Approach | |------------|--------------------|---------------------| | | Limited to line‑of‑sight, often requires multiple passes | Whole‑scene capture in a single scan | | Subjectivity | Dependent on inspector experience | Objective geometric measurements | | Speed | Hours to days for large structures | Minutes per scan (≤ 5 min) | | Environmental constraints | Poor lighting, weather sensitivity | Independent of illumination; works in low‑light | | Data richness | 2‑D images only | 3‑D geometry + intensity + RGB (when fused) | lidar360 crack

360° LIDAR‑Based Crack Detection and Characterisation for Infrastructure Inspection Martínez³, D

¹ Department of Civil Engineering, University of X ² Center for Robotics and Perception, Institute Y ³ Department of Computer Science, University Z ⁴ National Laboratory for Infrastructure Safety weather sensitivity | Independent of illumination