The 1st Siberian Regiment was one of the few White units that could consistently beat the Reds in a stand-up bayonet fight. Their winter uniforms—sheepskin coats and felt boots—gave them a distinct advantage in the Ural winter. The Great Siberian Ice March But the White cause failed. In late 1919, the Red Army broke through. What followed was the horrific Great Siberian Ice March (November 1919 – February 1920).
The 1st Siberian, now reduced to a few hundred frozen, starving men, retreated east along the Trans-Siberian Railway. They fought off partisans, typhus, and temperatures of -40°C. When Kolchak was betrayed and shot at Irkutsk, the remnants of the 1st Siberian simply kept walking. 1st siberian
Many historians argue that the regiment effectively ceased to exist at . When the ice broke in the spring of 1920, hundreds of White soldiers, including many from the 1st Siberian, fell through or were captured on the shore. Legacy: Ghosts of the Taiga Unlike the grandiose Napoleonic regiments of France or the British Redcoats, the 1st Siberian has no monument in Moscow. There is no Hollywood movie about their bravery. The 1st Siberian Regiment was one of the
The 1st Siberian distinguished itself in the and the Carpathian Campaign . Their unique tactics—using small, mobile groups to harass Austrian and German flanks—were a precursor to modern stormtrooper tactics. However, they paid a terrible price. By 1916, the original regiment had been almost entirely annihilated three times over. The "Siberians" fighting in 1917 were often raw recruits from the Urals, but they still carried the banner of their elite forebears. 1917: The Breaking Point The February Revolution threw the regiment into turmoil. Like most of the army, the 1st Siberian initially welcomed the overthrow of the Tsar. Soldiers’ committees (Soviets) formed in the ranks. However, the regiment had a conservative streak—they were property owners’ sons and frontiersmen, not factory proletarians. In late 1919, the Red Army broke through
In the White movement, the "First Siberian" became a legend. They were the shock troops of the . Unlike the officer-led "Drozdovsky" or "Kornilov" regiments (which were aristocratic and political), the 1st Siberian was pragmatic. They fought for the "Motherland" and against the Reds' radical land policies, which they saw as an attack on the Siberian peasant farmer.